$Don't know why canon won't allow it even in manual mode. Why is it called $manual mode if the shutter speed is changed automatically for me??
Remember that the output of a flash is controlled not by adjusting its intensity but by adjusting its duration. The more power you want, the longer the flash is on. The camera's maximum X-sync speed has to be designed such that it will not cause problems with the longest possible flash burst, which will depend on the flash unit but is usually more than 1 ms and perhaps as much as 2 ms. With the flash taking that long, that means that in order to achieve a maximum X-sync speed of 1/250, the shutter curtains must be able to make their full motion in 2 ms (during the first 2 ms, the first curtain opens; for the next 2 ms, the shutter is fully open; during the next 2 ms, the second curtain closes). 2 ms isn't a lot of time to take a physical device, accelerate it from rest to full speed and have it traverse the opening.
Chances are that if you fire a full-power flash burst with the shutter speed set to 1/320, the second curtain is going to start closing before the flash has completed firing. Now, since flash output rises rapidly and falls slowly, the part of the flash burst that you're blocking as the second curtain starts to close is quite dim and likely will be very hard to spot in the results - but it's nevertheless not syncing correctly.
On the other hand, if you fire a partial-power burst, it will take quite a bit less time, perhaps much less than 1 ms, and in this case there *is* enough time for the flash to complete before the second curtain starts to close, even at a shutter speed above maximum X-sync.
As for why the camera doesn't allow you to pick a higher sync speed at least some of the time, well, the camera doesn't know how long the flash burst will be. That's controlled by the flash. And the flash may not know, either; among other things, it depends on whether you let the capacitor charge fully before firing the flash. The camera and the flash don't even know at what strength to fire the flash until flash metering is done, which (unless you use flash exposure lock) doesn't happen until after the ambient exposure value has already been set.
Anyway, the bottom line is that the camera's specs clearly indicate that 1/250 is the maximum X-sync speed. If you expected something else, you were mistaken. If you absolutely need to use a flash along with a shutter speed that's only a third of a stop above what the specs say, go ahead and use a non-dedicated flash (the camera doesn't know it's there and therefore will not impose the maximum X-sync limit) and hope for the best.
 Signature Stephen M. Dunn <stephen@stevedunn.ca>
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