Photo Forum / Film Photography / Darkroom / September 2006
Can i Make a makeshift darkroom safelight? please help .
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PhotoFaerie - 08 Sep 2006 16:08 GMT i'd like to set-up a darkroom in my apt. (ive always only worked in public labs...highschool. college, etc. ) i have a standard ceiling light fixture that takes standard 40 or 60 watt bulbs. I am curious as to what i can do to transform it into a (makeshift) safe light ? I will be doing black and white printing. is there a special amber, made to be used as a safelight, bulb that i can buy and just replace the standard white "phillips" 40 watt, one with ? just screw in the new one to take its place? estimated expense ?
if not, i was wondering will any dark amber tinted thing work to tape over the ceiling light as to create a makeshift safe light? for instance, provided its not a fire hazard, could i layer a whole bunch of amber celophane and tape it over the ceiling dome/globe ? also...if i found one of those wacky colored party light bulbs at Party city or another party supply store, could i use an orange one of those as my safelight? to screw it into the ceiling light ? with great magnitude,i appreciate your feedback.
Claudio Bonavolta - 08 Sep 2006 16:46 GMT PhotoFaerie a écrit :
> i'd like to set-up a darkroom in my apt. (ive always only worked in public > labs...highschool. college, etc. ) i have a standard ceiling light fixture [quoted text clipped - 3 lines] > i can buy and just replace the standard white "phillips" 40 watt, one with ? > just screw in the new one to take its place? estimated expense ? http://minilien.com/?gU1pC1hq6N Go down to Delta bulbs.
> if not, i was wondering will any dark amber tinted thing work to tape over > the ceiling light as to create a makeshift safe light? for instance, > provided its not a fire hazard, could i layer a whole bunch of amber > celophane and tape it over the ceiling dome/globe ? There are special films called Rubylith or Amberlith that are (were) used by graphic arts that are inactinic and may be used as a filter. I use some rubylith to make my computer screen inactinic when I use it while printing B/W.
You can also buy rigid (glass or plastic) inactinic filters and build the lamp to use them.
You can also find lots of inactinic lights on eBay.
> > also...if i found one of those wacky colored party light bulbs at Party > city or another party supply store, could i use an orange one of those as my > safelight? to screw it into the ceiling light ? > with great magnitude,i appreciate your > feedback. I doubt these will work.
Before buying a bulb or inactinic light, check the specs of the paper you'll use as some require a red light (Bergger) and an amber light will fog them.
Claudio Bonavolta http://www.bonavolta.ch
Nicholas O. Lindan - 08 Sep 2006 16:53 GMT > i'd like to set-up a darkroom ... standard ceiling > light fixture ... is there a special amber, made to > be used as a safelight, bulb that i can buy and > just replace the standard white "phillips" 40 watt one with ? Yes. ~$5-20. There are some that used red glass and some that use red paint: either will work. The big globe ones are nice. Putting the lamp into a ceiling fixture means you are most always working in the shadow of your body, so I would try an old stand lamp/table lamp/whatever.
I use several of these red lamps http://www.freestylephoto.biz/sc_prod.php?cat_id=&pid=6007 in photo-flood reflectors on light stands. I move them around if/as needed to illuminate whatever it is that I am doing that session. I have fixed lamps for general illumination, enlarger easel illumination and developer tray illumination.
BTW: Freestyle is a good place for reasonably priced photo chemicals, the "Arista" house brand is quite good and can be 1/2 the price of Kodak or Ilford. http://www.freestylephoto.biz/sc_prod.php?cat_id=303&pid=592 Also a good source for cheap 'messing-around' film.
Christmas tree lamps and such can be used in an emergency or for school projects but aren't a good idea in general: the lamp color isn't correct and the paint flakes away quickly leaving you with fogged prints.
The standard source for things photographic is http://www.bhphotovideo.com
 Signature Nicholas O. Lindan, Cleveland, Ohio Darkroom Automation http://www.nolindan.com/da/index.htm n o lindan at ix dot netcom dot com
darkroommike - 09 Sep 2006 02:35 GMT > i'd like to set-up a darkroom in my apt. (ive always only worked in public > labs...highschool. college, etc. ) i have a standard ceiling light fixture [quoted text clipped - 14 lines] > with great magnitude,i appreciate your > feedback. The problem with the DIY makeshift safelight options is than you (and I) don't know which light frequencies a "party light" filter out and which frequencies the lamps transmit. Stick with the brand name filters, used housings will never be cheaper than right now--for example at that famous auction site, camera swap meets or the dusty back room of your friendly neighborhood camera store. Used filters or any homebrew safelights need to be tested thoroughly before using.
But for example I bought a Thomas Sodium Vapor safelight for $45.00 and Kodak model D utilty safelight for $10.00 with OC and #10 filters.
 Signature darkroommike
David Nebenzahl - 11 Sep 2006 08:36 GMT PhotoFaerie spake thus:
> i'd like to set-up a darkroom in my apt. (ive always only worked in public > labs...highschool. college, etc. ) i have a standard ceiling light fixture [quoted text clipped - 3 lines] > i can buy and just replace the standard white "phillips" 40 watt, one with ? > just screw in the new one to take its place? estimated expense ? If I may jump into this thread a little late: the answer to your question is, of course, yes, no matter what some disagreeable people here may say. This means either using a red light bulb, if you can find one (including red Xmas lights), or using some kind of red filter.
There's a really easy way to find out if your light is "safe" or not: the standard "coin" test. Just put a piece of paper out where you normally would process it, with a coin or other object to block the light on top of it, expose it to the safelight light for a period (say, the amount of time it'll take you to process one print)), then develop the paper as if it were a print. If you can see anything where the coin covered the paper, then the light isn't safe; otherwise, it is.
I'm cheap, too, so I sympathize with your quest.
 Signature Napoleon won the battle of Waterloo. The German Wehrmacht won World War II. The United States won in Vietnam, and the Soviets in Afghanistan. The Zealots won against the Romans, and Ehud Olmert won the Second Lebanon War.
- Uri Avnery, Israeli peace activist (http://counterpunch.org/avnery09022006.html)
Ken Hart - 11 Sep 2006 08:56 GMT > i'd like to set-up a darkroom in my apt. (ive always only worked in public > labs...highschool. college, etc. ) i have a standard ceiling light [quoted text clipped - 8 lines] > ? > just screw in the new one to take its place? estimated expense ? You can buy safelight bulbs that screw into a standard ("Edison") fixture. You can also buy safelights that screw into a standard fixture and have different filters for different types of paper/film/processes.
With the number of people who seem to be (foolishly!) giving up on conventional wet darkrooms these days, there are bargains to be had in the used market. Spend some time on eBay.
Most safelights or safelight bulbs are in the 15Watt range. A ceiling fixture in the center of the room might not be the best working arrangement. I have several hanging fixtures with globe-type safelights positioned at work areas in my darkroom.
Ken Hart
Lloyd Erlick - 11 Sep 2006 13:48 GMT ...
>transform it into a (makeshift) safe light ? ... September 11, 2006, from Lloyd Erlick,
A slightly more offbeat way to make a safelight is to use a product called "Colorine", made by a company called Rosco. They specialize in products to control the color of light. Colorine is a 'dipping' paint. Light bulbs are dipped in it to control the color of the light they emit. (It would be easy to coat the inside of a glass lamp shade, too. This would put the color layer very far from the heat of a bulb. Probably last a lifetime that way.)
Rosco Colorine 7610 (Red 27), which is available in a small paint can (pint, I think) for around twenty dollars (at least, I paid abut twenty dollars in Canada), is rated at passing red light only, wavelength longer (only) than a specified figure. It's a good red for a safelight, and there are no other colors passed that could harm photosensitive materials.
Colorine is specified acceptable for lamps (light bulbs) up to forty watts. Heat will kill the coating. But a safe light need only be fifteen watts. I like to use clear Xmas tree bulbs, five or seven watts. They will never burn the coating.
The beauty of using a bulb coating is that no construction of the lamp fixture is needed. Put the bulb in any type of holder, it is a safelight. I like it in a Luxo-type articulated lamp that is endlessly directable.
I found the actual job of coating the bulbs with a bit of Colorine very easy. I expected a whole production, but a few sheets of newsprint and some patience is all that's needed. Big secret: don't dip the whole glass part of the bulb. Dip the tip-most tippy tip. Then use gravity (and your hands!) turn the bulb every which way until the glass surface is covered. Dipping the whole thing will pick up so much paint the whole screw base and your hands and the floor and your shoes will be coated. Make absolutely sure the color goes right to the connection between the glass and the metal base. Leave no speck of uncoated glass to pass wrong light. (This all takes a lot more effort to write about than to do. The only hard part is finding out where to send the money for the paint and then waiting for it to arrive.)
A lifetime supply of safelight bulbs can easily be made in a few pleasant hours sitting in the back yard. Or in front of a TV, coating and turning and drying and poking about with a bunch of light bulbs. I used yogurt container lids (flat, thin plastic), poked holes in them, pushed a few light bulbs through the holes, and handled the bulbs that way. Part way through my little project I realized if I bought a few small wattage, rough-service, long-life bulbs (sold for use in hard-to-reach places that are subject to impact or vibration) I could have some pretty long lasting safelights.
The smallest container of Rosco Colorine 7610 (Red 27) will coat many more bulbs than I could ever use. It reminds me of movies I've seen where the old pioneer women sit with vegetables on their aprons, spread across open laps, gossiping and laughing while their hands do the, umm, dipping of their safelights. A bunch of black and white darkroom nerds having a social ... sharing a can of paint, dipping their bulbs ... chattering about how they feel about digital ...
I like being able to change a safelight with no more bother than putting in a new bulb. No filter or cover or light-tight box. Just any old lamp. I haven't colored the interior of a glass shade type of lamp yet, but I have a few old glass ones that are quite beautiful. I'd love to use them as darkroom accessories.
scenepaint@rosco.com http://www.roscodigital.com http://www.rosco.com/us/products/index.asp
-- from 'The Rosco Guide to Color Filters'.
...the curve for R27 ['Ruby Red' Colorine bulb dipping paint is specified as R27] shows that wavelengths above (longer than) 620 nm will pass through the filter at varying percentages, while the wavelengths below (shorter, or higher frequency) will not. --
quote: Technicians have been coloring lamps and glass with Rosco Colorine since it was first introduced in 1910. The liquid colors are available in 8 brilliant shades, formulated for long lasting color. It is especially useful for hand dipping most bulbs of forty watts or less.
Colorine hues can be intermixed to create custom shades. The addition of Colorine clear to a shade will result in a lighter tint of the shade. The thinner is used for cleanup, the removal of Colorine and reducing the viscosity of the product. Specifications #07601 Cardinal Red *26 #07607 Emerald Green *90 #07602 Ruby Red *27 #07610 Golden Amber *41 #07603 Magenta *49 #07615 Canary Yellow *15 #07604 Moonlight Blue *80 #07617 Clear #07605 Urban Blue *82 #07680 Thinner * Roscolux color reference.
Refer to the Roscolux swatchbook for close representation of color. The two-digit number following the color name is the Roscolux match. Colorine is not intended for use in permanent installations. (unquote)
Rosco "Guide_to_Color_Filters.pdf" (find it via Google) is a very educational document.
regards, --le ________________________________ Lloyd Erlick Portraits, Toronto. website: www.heylloyd.com telephone: 416-686-0326 email: portrait@heylloyd.com ________________________________ --
j - 11 Sep 2006 15:34 GMT > A slightly more offbeat way to make a > safelight is to use a product called > "Colorine", made by a company called Rosco.
> Rosco Colorine 7610 (Red 27), which is > available in a small paint can (pint, I > think) for around twenty dollars I wonder if they have a tint that would work for dipping clear flashbulbs to make them blue (arbitrary, I know) or Infrared.
Nicholas O. Lindan - 11 Sep 2006 16:17 GMT > I wonder if [Rosco has] a tint that would work for dipping clear > flashbulbs to make them blue (arbitrary, I know) or Infrared. Rosco's color numbers are a close match to Wratten: 25 is deep red, 80/82 are blue, 15 is yellow; Spectral curves are a close match.
I don't know if you could get the intensity/ thickness of the dip just right without a lot of fiddling.
Rosco makes color correction gels that can be placed over lights to adjust color temperature - might be a better solution. The stuff is reasonably priced: $5.50 for a 20x24" sheet.
The Rosco swatch books make a good source of emergency wratten filters. They are not guaranteed to be 'optical quality' but they are certainly 'good enough'.
 Signature Nicholas O. Lindan, Cleveland, Ohio Darkroom Automation http://www.nolindan.com/da/index.htm n o lindan at ix dot netcom dot com
darkroommike - 11 Sep 2006 18:42 GMT I seem to recall both at one time but wonder if either is still available. If you must use bulbs (and nothing lights up a big room or banquet better) it might be easier to shoot tungsten film or cheaper to color correct at the camera, you can even shoot uncorrected and fix it later in the darkroom or (dare I say it) Photoshop. darkroommike
>> A slightly more offbeat way to make a >> safelight is to use a product called [quoted text clipped - 6 lines] > I wonder if they have a tint that would work for dipping clear flashbulbs to > make them blue (arbitrary, I know) or Infrared. Rod Smith - 12 Sep 2006 23:49 GMT > i'd like to set-up a darkroom in my apt. (ive always only worked in public > labs...highschool. college, etc. ) i have a standard ceiling light fixture > that takes standard 40 or 60 watt bulbs. I am curious as to what i can do to > transform it into a (makeshift) safe light ? In addition to the other suggestions, I'll add that I've seen reports of red LED bulbs in standard Edison fittings (like those sold by http://www.superbrightleds.com or http://www.theledlight.com) being used successfully as safelights. These will be more expensive than the red incandescent bulbs sold by photo stores, but they'll last much longer. As always, be careful not to get something that's too bright; remember that an LED puts out more light at a given wattage than an incandescent bulb does. Note that I've not used this type of bulb myself; I'm just passing on what I've read.
 Signature Rod Smith, rodsmith@rodsbooks.com http://www.rodsbooks.com Author of books on Linux, FreeBSD, and networking
darkroommike - 14 Sep 2006 04:56 GMT LED output in very "pure", too. All the light put out is outputted (real word?) in a very narrow spectrum of frequencies and (IMHO) much better for the DIY safelight. On the other hand I have priced the beasties and they are not cheap. I have a Jobo Mini-Lux that I like very much. darkroommike
>> i'd like to set-up a darkroom in my apt. (ive always only worked in public >> labs...highschool. college, etc. ) i have a standard ceiling light fixture [quoted text clipped - 10 lines] > does. Note that I've not used this type of bulb myself; I'm just passing > on what I've read. Harri Suomalainen - 14 Sep 2006 11:03 GMT darkroommike kirjoitti:
> LED output in very "pure", too. All the light put out is outputted > (real word?) in a very narrow spectrum of frequencies and (IMHO) much > better for the DIY safelight. On the other hand I have priced the Typical red led (superbright or not) might have a peak wavelenght at perhaps 635nm and 1% cutoff at around 550-600nm (depending on the exact model of couse). I assume very small amounts of light are transmitted at even shorter wavelenghts (manufacturers do not specify this usually).
Even if the intensity at shorter wavelenghts is low, it is not always neglible.
Currently, I use a LED based bicycle rear light as a portable safelight (very cheap and readily available). It fogs paper at very close range (quite heavily at say few inches and 1min). However, when placed far enough it makes a great safelight. It is a lot brighter (and cheaper) than typical low wattage red safelight bulbs.
At low output levels red leds seem to work great as is.
At high light levels some kind of extra filtering is most likely needed. If you want to wear sunglasses at darkroom you are sure to need very heavy filtering for the LED light source.
I think LEDs are the best way to make DIY safelights. -- Harri
Nicholas O. Lindan - 14 Sep 2006 18:48 GMT > All the light [emitted by an LED is] in a very narrow [band of > wavelengths] Yes and no... Unfiltered there is enough out of band radiation to fog paper. It depends on the LED, they are made from different materials with different emission spectra.
A sheet of RubyLith will make any red LED completely [5 minutes sitting on top of the paper] safe.
 Signature Nicholas O. Lindan, Cleveland, Ohio Darkroom Automation http://www.nolindan.com/da/index.htm n o lindan at ix dot netcom dot com
David Nebenzahl - 14 Sep 2006 19:48 GMT Nicholas O. Lindan spake thus:
>>All the light [emitted by an LED is] in a very narrow [band of >>wavelengths] [quoted text clipped - 5 lines] > A sheet of RubyLith will make any red LED completely [5 minutes > sitting on top of the paper] safe. Yes; but where does one get a sheet of Rubylith these days? If you have an old-fashioned print shop still extant in the neighborhood, you may be in luck, but otherwise ...
As others have pointed out, enough distance from paper will make many safelight configurations safe *enough* for practical purposes.
 Signature Napoleon won the battle of Waterloo. The German Wehrmacht won World War II. The United States won in Vietnam, and the Soviets in Afghanistan. The Zealots won against the Romans, and Ehud Olmert won the Second Lebanon War.
- Uri Avnery, Israeli peace activist (http://counterpunch.org/avnery09022006.html)
Afterall - 22 Sep 2006 21:33 GMT Hi!
> also...if i found one of those wacky colored party light bulbs at Party > city or another party supply store, could i use an orange one of those as my > safelight? I think that isn't good way, party-lights are not safe - just colored bulbs.
Like you could read earlier, try to use LED's. I have homemade LED safelight. I've used 8 extra bright (and very cheap), red LED's serial connected and powered by 12V power supply adaptor. I made a "coin" test and everything is OK ;-) I've been using it for few weeks and paper isn't fogged.
Regards
Nicholas O. Lindan - 22 Sep 2006 22:03 GMT > I have homemade LED safelight. I've used 8 extra bright (and very > cheap), red LED's serial connected and powered by 12V power supply > adaptor. I hope you have a resistor somewhere in that circuit.
If you don't then the light output is going to vary quite a bit, you are using the 12V power supply (wall wart?) as a 'ballast' - not a good idea. You have no control over the current through the LED's.
Make four strings each with 2 LED's and a resistor. Depending on the LED's you are using the Vf at 20mA will be between 1.9 and 2.5 volts. At 2.2V the required resistor for 20mA will be:
[12V - (2 * 2.2V)] / 20mA = 380 ohms
Use a 390 ohm resistor as it is a standard value.
The power supply should be 12V DC and hopefully regulated.
 Signature Nicholas O. Lindan, Cleveland, Ohio Darkroom Automation http://www.nolindan.com/da/index.htm n o lindan at ix dot netcom dot com
David Nebenzahl - 22 Sep 2006 22:52 GMT Nicholas O. Lindan spake thus:
>>I have homemade LED safelight. I've used 8 extra bright (and very >>cheap), red LED's serial connected and powered by 12V power supply [quoted text clipped - 18 lines] > The power supply should be 12V DC and hopefully > regulated. *Regulated?* It's a wall wart, therefore unregulated. Not needed in any case for this application.
 Signature Napoleon won the battle of Waterloo. The German Wehrmacht won World War II. The United States won in Vietnam, and the Soviets in Afghanistan. The Zealots won against the Romans, and Ehud Olmert won the Second Lebanon War.
- Uri Avnery, Israeli peace activist (http://counterpunch.org/avnery09022006.html)
Afterall - 22 Sep 2006 23:15 GMT > I hope you have a resistor somewhere in that circuit. No, i haven't
> You have no control over the current through the LED's.
> The power supply should be 12V DC and hopefully > regulated. Yes, but I think that is no necessary. In my opinion light is constant and I hadn't had problems with photo papers.
If i think right - I used 8 LED's - 1.5 volts each, serial connected - so I can use 12V DC. Power supply has 200mA - that makes max. 25mA per LED, so I'm between medium lead current (20 - 100 mA) and I needn't to restrict it. Arek
Nicholas O. Lindan - 23 Sep 2006 00:57 GMT > Nicholas O. Lindan wrote: > > I hope you have a resistor somewhere in that circuit. > No, i haven't > If i think right - I used 8 LED's - 1.5 volts each, serial connected - > so I can use 12V DC. LED's are voltage drops, a power supply is a voltage source. The result is the current can be from 0 to infinity [depending on the current the voltage source can provide].
BTW: Most LED's are 1.9 - 2.5 volts at 20-30mA.
> Power supply has 200mA - that makes max. 25mA per > LED Nope, the LEDs are in series, the same current goes through each LED.
If the power supply has a 200 mA current limit then 200mA can go through each and every one (for a short period of time).
> so I'm between medium lead current (20 - 100 mA) and I needn't to > restrict it. You have lucked out: the nominal voltage of a string of 8 LEDs would be ~16V; your power supply is unregulated and has a load line where it produces 12 V at 200mA and 16 V at 0 mA. The combination of the supply and the LED load has resulted in, for you, a combination where the power supply produces a reasonable current for your string of LEDs.
Change the power supply, change the LEDs and things don't work so well anymore. Someone wishing to build their own LED safelight without current regulating resistors will be disappointed when it doesn't work as promised.
This is _not_ the way to design a circuit: a good design is one that works every time you build it with whatever parts you have at hand ... if the LED operating voltage were lower by the use of low forward voltage LEDs [expensive - ~$4 each, so that isn't what you are using], then 200mA or greater would flow through the string of LED's and they would glow brightly for a fraction of a second and then burn-out. See the previous post for the correct design.
See: http://cosmos.phy.tufts.edu/mhonarc/elec-trak/msg06331.html http://aph.huji.ac.il/feldman/ee/Lecture%20TEC1.ppt
Google for more...
 Signature Nicholas O. Lindan, Cleveland, Ohio Darkroom Automation http://www.nolindan.com/da/index.htm n o lindan at ix dot netcom dot com
David Nebenzahl - 23 Sep 2006 01:02 GMT Nicholas O. Lindan spake thus:
> This is _not_ the way to design a circuit: a good design is > one that works every time you build it with whatever parts [quoted text clipped - 4 lines] > for a fraction of a second and then burn-out. See the previous > post for the correct design. Look, Nick, the guy's powering a string of LEDs from a wall wart, not planning to go into business selling LED safelights so far as I can tell. This is overkill. It seems to work find as-is; give him a break.
 Signature Napoleon won the battle of Waterloo. The German Wehrmacht won World War II. The United States won in Vietnam, and the Soviets in Afghanistan. The Zealots won against the Romans, and Ehud Olmert won the Second Lebanon War.
- Uri Avnery, Israeli peace activist (http://counterpunch.org/avnery09022006.html)
Afterall - 23 Sep 2006 01:26 GMT > Nicholas O. Lindan spake thus:
> Look, Nick, the guy's powering a string of LEDs from a wall wart, not > planning to go into business selling LED safelights so far as I can > tell. Everything is true - simpliest way which works ;-)
Nicholas O. Lindan - 23 Sep 2006 02:51 GMT David Nebenzahl wrote:
> Look, Nick, the guy's powering a string of LEDs from a wall wart, not > planning to go into business selling LED safelights so far as I can > tell. OK, David: hook up 8 Radio-Shack red LED's in series to a _regulated_ 12V wall wart. Most of the wall warts I have in my cardboard box overflowing with same are regulated.
Till you do that...*
The OP's way to build an LED safelight is, in general, _wrong_: it doesn't work except for dumb luck.
If some reader says - hey, great idea - and wants to build an LED safelight there is a way to do it so it is sure to work. If that's unimportant to you, so be it.
*[Hint on what happens: pretty much nothing, including pretty much no light.]
 Signature Nicholas O. Lindan, Cleveland, Ohio Darkroom Automation http://www.nolindan.com/da/index.htm n o lindan at ix dot netcom dot com
David Nebenzahl - 23 Sep 2006 06:19 GMT Nicholas O. Lindan spake thus:
> David Nebenzahl wrote: > [quoted text clipped - 6 lines] > warts I have in my cardboard box overflowing with > same are regulated. Unless you're getting a much fancier grade of wall warts than I have, then I very much doubt they're regulated. I've taken plenty of those suckers apart, and have seen nary a 7812 or similar: usually just a bridge rectifier and a large electrolytic, and that's it.
 Signature Napoleon won the battle of Waterloo. The German Wehrmacht won World War II. The United States won in Vietnam, and the Soviets in Afghanistan. The Zealots won against the Romans, and Ehud Olmert won the Second Lebanon War.
- Uri Avnery, Israeli peace activist (http://counterpunch.org/avnery09022006.html)
Lloyd Erlick - 23 Sep 2006 15:07 GMT >it doesn't work except for >dumb luck. September 23, 2006, from Lloyd Erlick,
empires have been built on that. naval armadas, chemical cartels, national space agencies ... domesticated species ... at least half of my pictures...
--le
Nicholas O. Lindan - 23 Sep 2006 16:33 GMT > "Nicholas O. Lindan" <see@sig.com> wrote: > > it doesn't work except for dumb luck. > empires have been built on that. naval > armadas, chemical cartels, national space > agencies ... domesticated species ... at > least half of my pictures... Yes, but would you like to drive over a bridge that stays up only on dumb luck or one that didn't count on luck to stay up? How about a nuke plant?
Luck has it's place when one doesn't know what one is doing. After one has figured it out luck should play no part.
Though some do claim 'dumb luck' is 'The Hand of God'.
 Signature Nicholas O. Lindan, Cleveland, Ohio Darkroom Automation http://www.nolindan.com/da/index.htm n o lindan at ix dot netcom dot com
Afterall - 23 Sep 2006 01:24 GMT > LED's are voltage drops, a power supply is a voltage source. > The result is the current can be from 0 to infinity [depending > on the current the voltage source can provide]. That's right.
> Someone wishing to build > their own LED safelight without current regulating resistors > will be disappointed when it doesn't work as promised. You're right, but I made fastest and simpliest substitute of darkroom safelight - it works so I still use it, but I'm going to make sth better and safelight for long time so I'll implemente your advice. I know what you want to explain me. I just want to show that it is possible to make stf from nothing, just few elements, and I know it may be not always recurrent.
> This is _not_ the way to design a circuit: a good design is > one that works every time you build it with whatever parts > you have at hand ... I know what you want to explain me. I just want to show that it is possible to make stf from nothing, just few elements, and I know it may be not always recurrent.
Regards Arek
Lloyd Erlick - 23 Sep 2006 14:42 GMT >a good design is >one that works every time you build it with whatever parts >you have at hand September 23, 2006, from Lloyd Erlick,
If my grade ten Electronics Shop instructor had said that, my whole life might have been different ...
regards, --le
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