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Photo Forum / Film Photography / Darkroom / December 2005

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Fixing bath without ammonium thiosulfate

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pslaviero@interfree.it - 23 Nov 2005 11:40 GMT
Hi all, I'm looking for formulations of fixing bath without using
ammonium thiosulfate. By now I have the Ilford IF-2 formulation (sodium
thiosulfate 200 g, potassim metabisulfite 12.5 g per liter of water).
Any opinion about this one?

Thanks all

P.
Lloyd Erlick - 23 Nov 2005 15:34 GMT
>Hi all, I'm looking for formulations of fixing bath without using
>ammonium thiosulfate. By now I have the Ilford IF-2 formulation (sodium
[quoted text clipped - 4 lines]
>
>P.

November 23, 2005, from Lloyd Erlick,

I've been using the fix that Ansel Adams
called "Plain Fix". He published the formula
in the appendix of his book, 'The Print'.

It's a very simple formula -- one liter
water, 160 grams of sodium thiosulfate
anhydrous, and 15-25 grams of sodium sulfite
anhydrous. It is odorless, easy to prepare,
and cheap.

I've been using it for several years, for
both film and paper. It works and stores as
well as any commercial fix I've ever used. I
started using it because I wanted to make my
darkroom odor free.

I have a few articles relating to this on my
website, under the 'technical' button in the
table of contents.

regards,
--le
Signature

________________________________
Lloyd Erlick Portraits, Toronto.
voice: 416-686-0326
email: portrait@heylloyd.com
net: www.heylloyd.com
________________________________

pslaviero@interfree.it - 23 Nov 2005 18:16 GMT
> >Hi all, I'm looking for formulations of fixing bath without using
> >ammonium thiosulfate. By now I have the Ilford IF-2 formulation (sodium
[quoted text clipped - 36 lines]
> ________________________________
> --
Thanks for your answer. Is this a stock solution? And if so, how much
must I diluite it?
P.
Lloyd Erlick - 24 Nov 2005 15:36 GMT
>Thanks for your answer. Is this a stock solution? And if so, how much
>must I diluite it?
>P.

November 24, 2005, from Lloyd Erlick,

It's a working solution. No dilution. It has
a capacity of about 25 8x10s (or equivalent)
per liter, same as most sodium thiosulfate
based fixers. I always use it as part of a
double bath setup, and I also only use it to
about two thirds of its supposed capacity (so
that's around 50 8x10s per three liters of
fixer). (Actually, since I use a double
bath,I fix 50 8x10s in a total of six liters,
which I then discard and replace, but that's
just my belt and suspenders approach.)

regards,
--le
Signature

________________________________
Lloyd Erlick Portraits, Toronto.
voice: 416-686-0326
email: portrait@heylloyd.com
net: www.heylloyd.com
________________________________

UC - 23 Nov 2005 15:57 GMT
Why? Ammonium salt fixers are better!

> Hi all, I'm looking for formulations of fixing bath without using
> ammonium thiosulfate. By now I have the Ilford IF-2 formulation (sodium
[quoted text clipped - 4 lines]
>
> P.
Richard Knoppow - 23 Nov 2005 19:02 GMT
> Hi all, I'm looking for formulations of fixing bath
> without using
[quoted text clipped - 7 lines]
>
> P.

  Why are you trying to avoid Ammonium Thiosulfate?
Ammonium thiosulfate is the basis for all "rapid" fixers.
Standard fixers use Sodium thiosulfate, nearly any fixer
formula can be made up with either if the amount of the
Thiosulfate is adjusted.
  The Ilford fixer above is a "plain", that is
non-hardening bath although it will be mildly acid because
of the metabisulfite. If you want a neutral or slightly
alkaline bath use Sodium sulfite instead. Fixers of this
sort have little or no odor. The amount of sulfite or
metabisulfite is not critical as long as there is enough to
protect the thiosulfate from aerial oxidation and to prevent
staining from carried over developer. For a low acid fixing
bath even 5 grams per liter is enough.
  The amount of thiosulfate depends on its hydration.
Sodium thiosulfate comes in two forms, crystalline
(pentahydrate) and anhydrous. Standard fixing baths have
about 240 grams per liter of the crystalline type or 160
grams of the anhydrous type. There is no difference when
mixed.
  For those interested in making up "rapid" fixer
crystalline Ammonium thiosulfate may be substituted for
crystaline Sodium thiosulfate by using 60% by weight in any
standard fixer formula.

Signature

---
Richard Knoppow
Los Angeles, CA, USA
dickburk@ix.netcom.com

John - 24 Nov 2005 05:26 GMT
> For a low acid fixing
> bath even 5 grams per liter is enough.

One other solution is to use boric or citric acids which has almost no  
odor. However I think this formula from Kodak is fine :

Kodak's F-24 Fixer
Water @ 125F    750ml   
Sod. Thiosulfate    240g   
Sod.Sulfite        10g
Sod. Bisulfite    25g   
Water to make    1.0L

Signature

Regards,

    John S. Douglas, Photographer & Webmaster
http://www.puresilver.org - http://www.legacy-photo.com

lew - 24 Nov 2005 13:43 GMT
I know I should know this, but is the Thiosulfate in the formula
pentahydrate or anhydrous?

>> For a low acid fixing
>> bath even 5 grams per liter is enough.
[quoted text clipped - 5 lines]
> Water @ 125F 750ml Sod. Thiosulfate 240g Sod.Sulfite 10g
> Sod. Bisulfite 25g Water to make 1.0L
Jean-David Beyer - 24 Nov 2005 13:51 GMT
> I know I should know this, but is the Thiosulfate in the formula
> pentahydrate or anhydrous?

In USA, anhydrous is difficult to get. In F-24 it is pentahydrate.

>>>For a low acid fixing
>>>bath even 5 grams per liter is enough.
[quoted text clipped - 5 lines]
>>Water @ 125F 750ml Sod. Thiosulfate 240g Sod.Sulfite 10g
>>Sod. Bisulfite 25g Water to make 1.0L

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Lloyd Erlick - 24 Nov 2005 16:03 GMT
>In USA, anhydrous is difficult to get. In F-24 it is pentahydrate.

November 24, 2005, from Lloyd Erlick,

This surprises me. Canada is usually a copy
of anything American! I'd guess any sodium
thiosulfate entering Canada has entered the
USA first, probably through an enormous port
in New Jersey...

Anhydrous has no water attached to it, so it
weighs significantly less (hence 160 vs 240
grams per liter). This makes it cheaper to
transport -- cheaper. Less energy used to
transport it around the country. Cheaper.
Hence easier to obtain, in my experience.

Obviously our mileages differ!

regards,
--le
Signature

________________________________
Lloyd Erlick Portraits, Toronto.
voice: 416-686-0326
email: portrait@heylloyd.com
net: www.heylloyd.com
________________________________

Lloyd Erlick - 24 Nov 2005 15:58 GMT
>I know I should know this, but is the Thiosulfate in the formula
>pentahydrate or anhydrous?

November 24, 2005, from Lloyd Erlick,

If 160 grams per liter are specified, it
refers to sodium thiosulfate anhydrous (or
siccative, or words like that).

If 240 grams per liter are specified, it
refers to sodium thiosulfate crystalline, or
hydrated, or words like that.

regards,
--le
Signature

________________________________
Lloyd Erlick Portraits, Toronto.
voice: 416-686-0326
email: portrait@heylloyd.com
net: www.heylloyd.com
________________________________

Richard Knoppow - 26 Nov 2005 21:20 GMT
>I know I should know this, but is the Thiosulfate in the
>formula pentahydrate or anhydrous?
[quoted text clipped - 9 lines]
>> Water @ 125F 750ml Sod. Thiosulfate 240g Sod.Sulfite 10g
>> Sod. Bisulfite 25g Water to make 1.0L

   Its crystalline (pentahydrate), note the amount. Again,
if you have anhydrous sodium thiosulfate use 160 grams.
  The bisulfite is to acidify the solution. It also
provides additional sulfite by reaction. In formulas like
the Ilford one given earlier in the thread, which uses
metabisulfite, the metabisulfite reacts to form sulfite and
a weak acid.
  Virtually all fixer formulas given in older books are for
the pentahydrate (crystalline) form.

Signature

---
Richard Knoppow
Los Angeles, CA, USA
dickburk@ix.netcom.com

Lloyd Erlick - 24 Nov 2005 15:55 GMT
>> For a low acid fixing
>> bath even 5 grams per liter is enough.
[quoted text clipped - 8 lines]
>Sod. Bisulfite    25g   
>Water to make    1.0L

November 24, 2005, from Lloyd Erlick,

Well, in my quest for odorless working
solutions in my darkroom, I tried F-24 fixer
in its various guises. Citric acid or
whatever, it always stank.

I found that _absent_ acid was the key. No
acid in my fix. No acid in my darkroom.
Sounds like a song.

By the way, Kodak fixer formula F-6 is an
acid fixer with no smell. The usual
presentation of the formula implies that the
acid should be added before the borax or
Kodalk (sodium metaborate), but this
liberates a gust of sulfur dioxide while you
are busy getting the borate ready. I prefer
to add the borate ahead of the acid, so no
smell is evolved. F-6 works if one wants an
acid fix that has no odor. I have other
reasons for total elimination of acid from my
processes.

Incidentally, Kodak fixer formula F-5 is
sometimes advised. In fact, it is of
historical and academic interest only, due to
high odor. F-6 is the same as F-5 except for
the stench.

regards,
--le
Signature

________________________________
Lloyd Erlick Portraits, Toronto.
voice: 416-686-0326
email: portrait@heylloyd.com
net: www.heylloyd.com
________________________________

Richard Knoppow - 26 Nov 2005 21:33 GMT
>>> For a low acid fixing
>>> bath even 5 grams per liter is enough.
[quoted text clipped - 48 lines]
> net: www.heylloyd.com
> ________________________________
  Kodak F-5 has a larger capacity than F-6 although this
may refer to the hardener rather than its ability to fix. If
you have no need for a hardener the pH of the fixer can be
lowered quite a bit. In fact, the ability of thiosufate
(sodium or ammonium) to fix is pretty much independant of
its pH. The acidity is needed the hardener and has the
advantage of positively inactivating any carried over
developer.
  A simple fixing bath containing only hypo and sulfite
will work fine. It is slightly alkaline. Only a small amount
of sulfite is needed to prevent oxidation of the
thiosulfate, perhaps 5 grams per liter. However, an excess
will prevent staining from carried over developer. It will
also prevent decomposition of the hypo if an acid stop bath
is used but the stop bath does not necessarily eliminate
carried over developer, which likely would be again
activated in the fixing bath.
  A simple fixing bath contining hypo and bisulfite or
metabisulfite is slightly acid but odor free. It is too high
in pH to use with an alum hardener.
  Citric acid is seldom used in fixing baths. It can be
used as an alternative stop bath. However, citric acid binds
alum so it can cause problems with hardening fixing baths if
much is carried over. Sodium bisulfite or metabisulfite also
works as an odorless stop bath and is compatible with
hardening fixing baths. About 15 grams/liter is right for
either.
  Kodak stated fairly recently that their Sodium Bisulfite
is about half metabisulfite. Either can be used in formulas
specifying bisulfite. Pure bisulfite is reportedly expensive
and difficult to obtain.

Signature

---
Richard Knoppow
Los Angeles, CA, USA
dickburk@ix.netcom.com

Lloyd Erlick - 24 Nov 2005 15:47 GMT
>Why are you trying to avoid Ammonium Thiosulfate?
>Ammonium thiosulfate is the basis for all "rapid" fixers.

November 24, 2005, from Lloyd Erlick,

Most available rapid fixers stink powerfully
of sulfur dioxide. I got tired of a smelly
darkroom, and eliminated all sources of
smell.

Sodium thiosulfate is easy to obtain, and it
is cheap. It is also easy to store and
handle, unlike ammonium thiosulfate, which
tends to be supplied in a rather expensive,
hard to obtain water solution.

When an ammonium thiosulfate based fixer
dries in dribbles and droplets on one's
darkroom sink, the deposits are rock hard and
difficult to remove. Sodium thiosulfate based
solutions pose no cleanup problems.

Sodium thiosulfate based fix has a much lower
capacity than ammonium. My overall throughput
in my darkroom is quite low compared to a
commercial lab. I do not wish to have a fixer
that will sit around gathering silver and
aging while I slowly process enough films to
use it up. My sodium thiosulfate based fixer
depletes after only a few uses at my rate, so
it is much fresher and contains much less
silver than a comparable ammonium based fixer
under my usage. Since Adams' 'plain fixer' is
so cheap to make up, I'm not tempted to
stretch it out and risk the future utility of
my negatives.

regards,
--le
Signature

________________________________
Lloyd Erlick Portraits, Toronto.
voice: 416-686-0326
email: portrait@heylloyd.com
net: www.heylloyd.com
________________________________

John - 25 Nov 2005 05:49 GMT
> When an ammonium thiosulfate based fixer
> dries in dribbles and droplets on one's
> darkroom sink, the deposits are rock hard and
> difficult to remove.

I use acetic acid to clean with. Seems to work pretty well. I just cut  
glacial 1:3. Of course I don't think this will help the finish of fine  
wood furniture though  ;>)

Signature

Regards,

    John S. Douglas, Photographer & Webmaster
http://www.puresilver.org - http://www.legacy-photo.com

Lloyd Erlick - 25 Nov 2005 14:55 GMT
>> When an ammonium thiosulfate based fixer
>> dries in dribbles and droplets on one's
[quoted text clipped - 4 lines]
>glacial 1:3. Of course I don't think this will help the finish of fine  
>wood furniture though  ;>)

November 25, 2005, from Lloyd Erlick,

How Canadian of you! I like vinegar on my
French fries ...

But it's illogical for me to eliminate
sources of stink in my darkroom and then use
stinky acetic acid to clean up nuisance
deposits of a chemical I don't need.

I know it seems illogical to use the same
substance on food if I hate the odor, but
there is a big difference between sitting
down to a meal for a few minutes and working
with my nose over acetic acid for ten hours.

regards,
--le
Signature

________________________________
Lloyd Erlick Portraits, Toronto.
voice: 416-686-0326
email: portrait@heylloyd.com
net: www.heylloyd.com
________________________________

John - 25 Nov 2005 16:26 GMT
>> I use acetic acid to clean with. Seems to work pretty well. I just cut
>> glacial 1:3. Of course I don't think this will help the finish of fine
[quoted text clipped - 13 lines]
> regards,
> --le

But then your working chemicals aren't at 140+F.

Oh and I picked up the vinegar and chips thing from the Irish. Great bunch  
of people to party with but they really can't handle their drink very  
well. And they tried to introduce me to something called "Bushmills". I  
told them "You don't know Jack ? !". Somewhere in Ireland there are a few  
good souls that have a little bit of Lynchburg, Tennessee in them ;>)

Signature

Regards,

    John S. Douglas, Photographer & Webmaster
http://www.puresilver.org - http://www.legacy-photo.com

Lloyd Erlick - 26 Nov 2005 14:56 GMT
>they tried to introduce me to something called "Bushmills".

November 26, 2005, from Lloyd Erlick,

Ah, don't get me going! I love Irish whisky.

Douglas, Douglas, ... isn't that about as
Irish as Reagan? Or Clinton? If only Bush
hadn't clipped the mills off his name ... and
if only he hadn't given up drinking.

You know what they say -- God invented liquor
to stop the Irish from ruling the world.

They also say the lost ten tribes of Israel
got lost in the British Isles. That's why
nobody there can get along with each other.

regards,
--le
Signature

________________________________
Lloyd Erlick Portraits, Toronto.
voice: 416-686-0326
email: portrait@heylloyd.com
net: www.heylloyd.com
________________________________

John - 27 Nov 2005 18:25 GMT
>> they tried to introduce me to something called "Bushmills".

> November 26, 2005, from Lloyd Erlick,
> Ah, don't get me going! I love Irish whisky.

Sometime when you're on vacation you have stroll through the streets of  
Lynchburg. They take the casks used to brew Jack and turn them into very  
fragrant planters. I want some honey from those flowers !

> Douglas, Douglas, ... isn't that about as
> Irish as Reagan? Or Clinton?

Scot actually. Great gandaddy came over in 1849 I believe. Made a beeline  
for the Smokies and his son moved right to just south of Nashville. Of  
course the other half of the tree is Harper. And yes Grandaddy Harper was  
90 proof Irish on a good day. Amazing what a little 'shine can do for a  
mans personality. And the numerous votes he acquired when in politics ;>)

> If only Bush
> hadn't clipped the mills off his name ... and
> if only he hadn't given up drinking.

I'd rather he simply swallow some oil. A couple of gallons of Kuwatii  
crude would be a good start. And I'll buy him the Bushmills for a chaser  
WITH PLEASURE !

> You know what they say -- God invented liquor
> to stop the Irish from ruling the world.

And I thought it was the women !

> They also say the lost ten tribes of Israel
> got lost in the British Isles.

All I can say is that they should have know to never ask an Irishman for  
directions !

Signature

Regards,

    John S. Douglas, Photographer & Webmaster
http://www.puresilver.org - http://www.legacy-photo.com

dan.c.quinn@att.net - 27 Nov 2005 21:37 GMT
> Oh and I picked up the vinegar and chips thing from the Irish.

  I rather favor melted butter and lemon myself. Fits the
fish and baked potatoe I teat myself to now and then. Now
that wouldn't be French by any chance? Potatoe?   Dan
John - 27 Nov 2005 22:20 GMT
>> Oh and I picked up the vinegar and chips thing from the Irish.
>
>    I rather favor melted butter and lemon myself. Fits the
> fish and baked potatoe I teat myself to now and then. Now
> that wouldn't be French by any chance? Potatoe?   Dan

Oh stop ! I'm so craving a bag of chips now !

Signature

Regards,

    John S. Douglas, Photographer & Webmaster
http://www.puresilver.org - http://www.legacy-photo.com

dan.c.quinn@att.net - 25 Nov 2005 05:09 GMT
> Hi all, I'm looking for formulations of fixing bath without using
> ammonium thiosulfate.
> By now I have the Ilford IF-2 formulation (sodium
> thiosulfate 200 g, potassim metabisulfite 12.5 g per liter of water).
> Any opinion about this one?  Thanks all , P

 IF-2 fixer I'd say 'is an acid non-hardening fixer.
The S. Thio. used is most likely the pentahydrate and has
a ph very near 7. The bisulfite serves as a ph modifier
AND preservative. It will make for an acid fix. Sulfite
rather than bisulfite will make for an alkaline fix.

 Using Sodium Thiosulfate and Water a fixer may be
compounded using a very simple formula; Na2S2O3 + H2O.
Fixer is not like developer. Developers MUST have preservatives
and activators. Fixers work very well without any of those.

 It is true that a standard liter of fixer containing 150 - 160
grams of anhydrous will clear 25, 8 x 10s. Unexposed at that.
I've made the capacity tests. It is also true that 6 grams of
the anhydrous will clear 1, 8 x 10.
 I use fixer very dilute one-shot. Easy to do when using
S. Thio. To test, dissolve 6 grams anhydrous or half again
as much of the penta in 250 ml of water. When ready fix a
pre-wetted sheet.  Give it constant agitation with some
folding over back to front, right to left. Allow 3 minutes.
Less time may do. If you've any sulfide perform the
ST-1  test. Don't settle for ANY stain.
 Weigh or spoon up fresh fixer when needed and as much
as is needed. The very dilute large volume fix assures archival
results with a single fix. That's a BIG Plus. Since there is no
developer buildup in the one-shot fix  I do not use a stop.
 Size up or down the volume to match print size. Less
volume then the 250ml mentioned should not be used.
Less will crowd archival limits. Dan
Lloyd Erlick - 28 Nov 2005 20:31 GMT
>fixer very dilute one-shot

November 28, 2005, from Lloyd Erlick,

I've just been scribbling on the back of an
envelope to calculate what I've been paying
per gram of sodium thiosulfate anhydrous.

It works out to three grams to the penny. The
C-penny, at that. Eight cents worth per
16x20. Doesn't seem like a huge investment.
Making up fixer solutions is even cheaper per
print, I'd guess, but not by much, and at
some tradeoffs as well.

I use sulfite in fixer and washaid.
Eliminating it from fixer is a convenience.
Eventually it means a big heavy bag of the
stuff  -- that I won't have to hoist.

I believe you have pointed out that you see
no reason to use washaid either with your
technique?

regards,
--le
Signature

________________________________
Lloyd Erlick Portraits, Toronto.
voice: 416-686-0326
email: portrait@heylloyd.com
net: www.heylloyd.com
________________________________

dan.c.quinn@att.net - 29 Nov 2005 00:39 GMT
> I believe you have pointed out that you see
> no reason to use washaid either with your
[quoted text clipped - 4 lines]
> email: portrait@heylloyd.com
> net: www.heylloyd.com

 Quite the opposite. As you know I've taken one-shot
with one-tray processing to the extreme. You in part can
take some of the responsibility for that. One-tray
processing has made for me a roomy darkroom.
 One-shot developing was not a problem. Least solution
volumes, greater dilutions, and a minimum of three minutes
in the developer are the techniques I use.
 The question for some time was, is it practicle to use
fixer one-shot? Eddie Ephraums suggested a sixty gram print
fixer and and Bill Troop said forget it; too little capcity, too
slow. The too slow had me worried. The fixer had to be
very dilute to be used one-shot. After all some amount
of solution is needed to process. I knew a little A. or
S. Thiosulfate would go a long ways.
 Well, the story ends happily ever after. Very dilute S. or A.
Thiosulfate will finish off a print in two to four minutes. I've not
by a long shot worked with all papers so four minutes is an
allowance. The BIG BONUS came as a surprise. It dawned
on me one day that the small volumes used to fix one print
were enough to hold silver levels within ARCHIVAL limits.
Archival results and great capacity with one fix!!
 "... the use of hypo clearing agent is absolutely essential
to good washing technique." That according to Martin Reed.
Whatever the fix I don't see any good reason not to use HCA.
Of course it's another one-shot for me so fresh each use;
least volume, one percent. I will likely make my first still
water tray wash a one percent HCA.
 A Gas Really. One-Tray and One-Shot. Takes some
getting used to what with everything going down the drain
after one use. A real change of pace recommended for
those who like to experiment and those with two,
three, a few prints to do. Dan
Lloyd Erlick - 29 Nov 2005 17:17 GMT
>those with two,
>three, a few prints to do. Dan

November 29, 2005, from Lloyd Erlick,

That would be me. Six finished prints is
pretty much a full day for me. Eight or ten
would be possible but a lot of work; they'd
have be from the same negative.

You're refining your method. I'm glad to see
such detailed descriptions coming out of you.

regards,
--le
Signature

________________________________
Lloyd Erlick Portraits, Toronto.
voice: 416-686-0326
email: portrait@heylloyd.com
net: www.heylloyd.com
________________________________

dan.c.quinn@att.net - 29 Nov 2005 22:34 GMT
> On 28 Nov 2005  dan wrote:
>
[quoted text clipped - 15 lines]
> email: portrait@heylloyd.com
> net: www.heylloyd.com

 Some more detail. It is nearly an inconsequintial matter
but a water rinse twixt the developer and fixer will improve a
a very little more the capacity of the fixer.
 Thiosulfates, A. or S., are not reducing agents with regard to
the silver halides. I've not seen any stain or dichroic fog when
using A. or S. Thio. unadulterated. A little sulfite added to
either will bump the ph and add some margine of safety.
  Agfa suggests sodium carbonate rather than hca's sulfite.
I think I will switch to carbonate and not worry about that 1%
sulfite solution going bad. Better yet bicarbonate? I'm a
moderate when it comes to ph.
  What with the very dilute fixers, hca choices, and number
of rinse and wash routines, I've a lot of testing to do. If some
one  would explain the working of and cause of early failure
of the HT-2 test, I could the sooner get on with it. Dan
lew - 28 Nov 2005 19:13 GMT
Can the group recommend a diy basic sodium thiosulfate fixer fro use with
pyro/staining developers?
-Lew
Gregory Blank - 28 Nov 2005 22:33 GMT
> Can the group recommend a diy basic sodium thiosulfate fixer fro use with
> pyro/staining developers?
> -Lew

I dislike mixing fixer from powder, its a PITA for relatively
small amounts of advantage- IMOP. I do like Zonal pro liquid
fixer, I buy it by the cubi-tainer full something on the order of
2.5 gallons of stock for something like $65.00 usd. Its proportional
so 100ml mixed with a liter of water, very easy and it works fine with
my PMK negatives,...plenty of stain and a lot less hassle than buying
powder.

I am not against powdered chemistry in general but this one were I can
save a hassle.
Signature

"To announce that there must be no criticism of the President,
or that we are to stand by the President, right or wrong,
is not only unpatriotic and servile, but is morally treasonable
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www.gregblankphoto(dot)com

lew - 28 Nov 2005 22:43 GMT
Greg:
   Sorry for the miscue, diy = do it yourself. I'm looking for a formula.
I'll mix it from scratch; I already have the raw chemicals on hand. The
issue that motivated my post was that acid fixers (powder or otherwise)
reduce the staining effect of developers.
-Lew

>> Can the group recommend a diy basic sodium thiosulfate fixer fro use with
>> pyro/staining developers?
[quoted text clipped - 10 lines]
> I am not against powdered chemistry in general but this one were I can
> save a hassle.
Gregory Blank - 28 Nov 2005 23:01 GMT
> Greg:
>     Sorry for the miscue, diy = do it yourself. I'm looking for a formula.
> I'll mix it from scratch; I already have the raw chemicals on hand. The
> issue that motivated my post was that acid fixers (powder or otherwise)
> reduce the staining effect of developers.
> -Lew

Yep I know the meaning DYI, I have never seen evidence that Zonal Pro
reduces the PMK stain. However since you do have the chemicals here
is the most basic formula .... I know of,

Plain Hypo fix from Anchell's - D.R.C.BK

Water = 64oz @125F
Hypo (Sodium thio) =16 oz.
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"To announce that there must be no criticism of the President,
or that we are to stand by the President, right or wrong,
is not only unpatriotic and servile, but is morally treasonable
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www.gregblankphoto(dot)com

ujazz32@hotmail.com - 02 Dec 2005 07:48 GMT
Hi Lew.

I use Ron Mowery's Superfix with all of my developers, staining
included. It's very simple to make up, works very fast with excellent
capacity and no odor.

Superfix

Ammonium Hypo solution 200 ml/l

Sodium Sulfite (anh) 10 g/l

Ammonium Thiocyanate 10 g/l

Thiourea 10 g/l

As mixed the pH was 7.8 at 22.3 deg C. I adjusted it to 6.6 at 22.6
deg C with about 12 ml of 28% acetic acid. As mixed, it has a faint
ammonia odor, but after the pH is adjusted, it has no odor of
ammonia. The pH range of this fix should be about 6.3 - 6.7.
ujazz32@hotmail.com - 02 Dec 2005 07:51 GMT
I should have noted that fix times for most films in fresh Superfix are
around 30 seconds. Finer grained films fix faster than coarser grained
ones.
Nick Zentena - 28 Nov 2005 22:47 GMT
> Can the group recommend a diy basic sodium thiosulfate fixer fro use with
> pyro/staining developers?

 TF-2 if you want to reuse. If not Adams Fixer. Both should be easy enough
to find with a quick google search.

  Nick

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Jean-David Beyer - 29 Nov 2005 19:38 GMT
> Hi all, I'm looking for formulations of fixing bath without using
> ammonium thiosulfate. By now I have the Ilford IF-2 formulation (sodium
> thiosulfate 200 g, potassim metabisulfite 12.5 g per liter of water). Any
> opinion about this one?

If you can find someone who will sell you some sodium cyanide or potassium
cyanide, you can make an excellent fixer from it. Fixes very fast (though
you may wish to ensure that the emulsion is adeuately hardened), washes out
quickly. The stuff is cheap.

Only problems are to make absolutely sure that you cannot get any acid in
it, and that you have a government approved way of getting rid of it.

N.B.: it is pretty easy to kill yourself or others with it. Photoengravers
using wet-plate techiques were probably the last to use it.

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